🏛 Welcome to Rome in 1582

January Newsletter 1 - This month’s time and location

Albert travels to a new moment in history every month. At the end of the month, he’ll write a letter from this event. Until then, we’ll tell you interesting facts surrounding the main story so you can emerge yourself in that time.

Dear friend,

Welcome to this month’s journey, which will bring us back to Rome, the beating heart of Italy. But we are not in ancient Rome, but in 1582, where ancient ruins stand next to Renaissance architecture. Rome is a growing metropolis that is not only steeped in history, art, and faith but also the center of new, progressive developments. Whether you're strolling through the crowded piazzas or marveling at the grandeur of its churches, there's no shortage of wonders to explore.

As you arrive, you’ll be greeted by the familiar sound of bells ringing from the city's countless church towers. Rome has over 300 churches—some humble, others magnificent—all playing a vital role in the rhythm of daily life. The scent of freshly baked bread and roasted chestnuts drifts from market stalls, where vendors offer everything from olive oil and wine to intricate lace and spices from faraway lands.

Rome in 1582 vs. Today

Population:
In 1582, Rome's estimated population was only 55,000 to 60,000. Today, the city’s population stands at over 2.8 million. It’s incredible how “small” the city was compared to today’s standards.

Urban Landscape:
In 1582, Rome’s city limits encompassed around 370 square kilometers. Today, the metropolitan area covers over 1,280 square kilometers, and modern infrastructure sprawls far beyond the historic center.

Religious Institutions:
In 1582, the city had over 300 churches, reflecting its role as the heart of Catholicism. Today, Rome boasts over 900 churches, including famous landmarks like the Pantheon, St. Peter’s Basilica, and Santa Maria Maggiore.

Cultural Significance:
The Rome of 1582 was a beacon of Renaissance art and intellectualism, with masters like Michelangelo and Bernini influencing its transformation. Today, the Eternal City remains a global center of history and culture, attracting nearly 10 million tourists annually who admire its historical and artistic treasures. Isn’t it fascinating to see how all these people come to admire buildings and art that have been created throughout the city's multiple eras?

The City Layout

Rome in 1582 is a blend of ancient glory and contemporary charm. Though weathered by time, the Roman Forum still evokes the glamour of an empire long gone. Nearby, the Colosseum reminds of bloodier days, though its arena has been silent for centuries. Instead of gladiators, the masses now gather in bustling markets and at grand public celebrations.

The streets are a lively maze of cobblestones, often chaotic with pedestrians, merchants, and the occasional noble carriage. Be prepared to navigate narrow alleys that open into breathtaking piazzas, each adorned with fountains and statues that feel like something out of a painting—because many of them are!

What to See and Do

St. Peter’s Basilica:
The crown jewel of Renaissance architecture. While it has not yet been completed, this is the perfect time to admire the construction of this wonder.

Campo de' Fiori:
A bustling market by day and a meeting place by night. Here, you can browse for produce, hear the latest gossip, and perhaps even witness a fiery public debate.

The Vatican Gardens:
A peaceful oasis where time seems to slow down. These carefully manicured grounds are as much a spiritual retreat as they are a landscaping masterpiece.

Local Customs

Romans in 1582 are known for their reverence and hospitality but also their fiery tempers regarding debates about art, faith, and politics. Don’t be surprised if you see an animated argument over a sculpture or a sermon—it’s all part of the city’s passion for ideas.

If you're invited to dine with locals, expect a feast of bread, cheese, olives, and roasted meats washed down with local wine. Meals are long and lively, punctuated by stories and laughter.

Tips for the Time-Traveler

How to make the best out of your travels to 1582 Rome:

The Trevi Fountain, you know?
Don’t plan to visit it as it hasn’t been built yet! Instead, Romans fetch water from simpler fountains fed by ancient aqueducts.

Watch Your Step (Literally!)
The streets of Rome are uneven. There’s no modern sewage system, so keep an eye out for … well, waste being tossed from windows above! "Attenzione!" is your cue to dodge.

Currency Confusion
Coins, not bills, are the currency of the day. You’ll be trading in scudi, denari, and ducati. Prices are negotiable in markets—don’t forget to haggle politely!

Clothing Customs
If you want to blend in, avoid modern fabrics and cuts. Men wear doublets and hose, while women don flowing gowns with intricate embroidery. But beware—sumptuary laws forbid commoners from wearing certain luxurious materials like silk and velvet.

Mind the Church Bells
Bells mark the passage of time, not clocks. Many events, from mass to curfew, are tied to when the bells ring. If you hear the evening bell, it’s time to head home—nights in Rome can be dangerous without street lamps to guide you.

Public Baths Are History
Unlike Ancient Rome, 1582 has no grand bathhouses. Personal hygiene is simpler—people wash with basins of water at home, and perfume is often used to cover any lingering odors. Don’t expect daily showers!

Be Careful What You Say
Rome is a city of devout Catholics, and the Inquisition is active. Criticizing church doctrine, even in jest, could land you in serious trouble. Stick to compliments about the art and architecture—it’s safer that way!

Stay Hydrated (But Not with Tap Water)
Rome’s fountains provide fresh water from ancient aqueducts, but not all water is created equal. Locals often mix wine with water to purify it, so don’t be surprised if you’re offered diluted wine instead of plain water.

Plan Your Visit to the Forum Wisely
The Roman Forum may be a famous landmark in your time, but in 1582, it’s seen as little more than a field of ruins known as "Campo Vaccino" (Cow Field), where herds graze. It’s picturesque, but you may need to explain why it fascinates you!

And, as always, Leave the Gadgets Behind
Anything too shiny or unfamiliar might be seen as sorcery. Keep modern trinkets hidden to avoid unwanted attention—or curious locals asking awkward questions.

Rome in 1582 isn’t just a city—it’s a living, breathing museum. Every corner whispers stories of emperors, artists, and saints. Take your time, soak it all in.

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This was the first letter of our January journey. Be on the lookout to meet the important people of the time next week and for Albert’s letter directly from this time at the end of the month.

🧳

(Premium) To dive even more into the time, read about a typical day in the life of one of its inhabitants:

(Premium) A Day in the Life: Lucia, the Baker's Daughter

The morning air is cold, and the sun has yet to rise over the rooftops of Rome. The soft glow of oil lamps flickers along the narrow streets as Lucia, the baker’s daughter, opens the wooden shutters of their small shop. She shivers as the early autumn breeze brushes her arms. It’s 4 a.m.—the hour of bakers and priests.